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104
The Digestive System
esophagus
gallbladder
large intestine
liver
mouth
pancreas
pharynx
salivary
small intestine
stomach
tongue
The alimentary tract is a musculomembraneous canal about 8,5 m (meters) in
length. It extends from the oral cavity to the anus. It consists of the mouth, pharynx,
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The liver with gallbladder
and pancreas are the large glands of the alimentary tract.
The first division of the alimentary tract is formed by the (1). Important
structures of the mouth are the teeth and the (2), which is the organ of taste
(вкуса). The soft and hard palates and the (3) glands are also in the oral cavity.
From the mouth food passes through the (4) to the (5) and then to the stomach.
The (6) is a dilated portion of the alimentary canal. It is in the upper part of the
abdomen under the diaphragm. It measures about 21-25 cm in length, 8-9 cm in
its greatest diameter. It has a capacity of from 2.14 to 4.28 1 (liters).
The (7) is a thin-walled muscular tube about 6.5 meters long. It is located in
the lower and central portions of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. The small
intestine is composed of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum
The (8) is about 1.5 meters long. It is divided into caecum, colon and
rectum.
The (9) is the largest gland in the human body. It is in the right upper part
of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm. The liver is in the right side of
the abdomen. The weight of the liver is 1,500 g.
The (10) is a hollow sac (мешок) lying on the lower surface of the liver.
The (11) is a long thin gland lying under and behind the stomach.