Стр. 103 - 2

103
TEST YOUR ANATOMICAL VOCABULARY
Заполните пропуски в следующих текстах подходящими словами.
The Skeleton
bones
breastbone
hand
thigh
chest
joints
ligaments
ribs
shoulder girdle
skull
trunk
vertebra
The skeleton is composed of (1). In the adult the skeleton has over 200 bones.
The bones of the (2) consist of cranial and facial parts. There are 26 bones in
the skull.
The bones of the (3) are the spinal column or the spine and the chest (ribs
and the breastbone). The spine consists of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and
sacral vertebrae and the coccyx.
The (4) is a small bone, which is formed by the body and the arch. All the
vertebrae compose the spinal column or the spine. There are 32 or 34
vertebrae in the spine of the adult. In the spinal column there are seven
cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar, five sacral vertebrae
and from one to five vertebrae which form the coccyx. The cervical part of the
spine is formed by seven cervical vertebrae. Twelve thoracic vertebrae have large
bodies. The lumbar vertebrae are the largest vertebrae in the spinal column.
They have oval bodies.
The (5) (thorax) is composed of 12 thoracic vertebrae, the (6) and 12 pairs
(пap) of (7) . The breastbone is a long bone in the middle of the chest. I t is
composed of three main parts. The basic part of the chest is formed by the
ribs. On each side of the chest seven ribs are connected with the breastbone by
cartilages. The cartilages of three other ribs are connected with each other and with
the seventh rib. But the cartilages of these ribs are not connected with the
breastbone. The eleventh and the twelfth ribs are not connected with the
breastbone either. They are not connected with other ribs, they are free. Each
rib is composed of a head, neck and body.
The lower extremity consists of the (8), leg and foot. It is connected with the
trunk by the pelvis. The upper extremity is formed by the arm, forearm and (9).
It is connected with the trunk by the (10).
The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the (11) or by the
cartilages and (12). The bones consist of organic and inorganic substance.