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Theme 3
HEALTH SERVICE IN RUSSIA AND IN GREAT BRITAIN
Health Service in Russia is controlled by the state. The public
health service in Russia is free of charge as well as in many countries.
There is a wide network of medical institutions: hospitals,
polyclinics, maternity homes, emergency aid stations and so on. In
addition to those, there are many medical institutions which provide
medical assistance for money.
30% of the population receive primary care through their work
related clinics and hospitals. For certain employment groups such as
police and railroad workers special health services exist.
In 2006, the Russian government launched a national project plan
that aims to improve four sectors of Russian life, including healthcare.
It approved additional $3.2 billion for healthcare to cover salary
increases for doctors and nurses, the purchase of new equipment for
clinics and the construction of eight high-tech medical centres in
Russia’s outlying regions.
Prophylaxis is one of the basic principles of the Russian public
health system. Annual medical check-ups are carried out with the aim
of detecting diseases at the earliest stages of their development.
There are a number of different types of hospitals and healthcare
clinics in use. They include:
• Rural Health Posts offer basic health checks and facilities
including routine examinations, immunizations and minor
injuries. They cover a population of about 4,000 people.
• Health Centres cover larger rural population of approximately
7,000 people and offer a range of primary care services. They are
able to perform minor surgeries and are normally staffed by a
team of nurses together with a paediatrician, a therapist and a
midwife/gynaecologist.
• Urban Polyclinics provide services which are normally
considered general practice and include screening, treatment for
chronic illnesses and on-going care. Depending on their size,
urban polyclinics would also house approximately 3-4 specialists
from fields such as cardio, oncology and obstetrics.
• Special Focus Polyclinics are where paediatricians and other
specialists treat children up to the age of 19.