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Surgical treatment
The operating theatre
Surgery is carried out in an operating theatre. Great care is taken
to make sure that operations take place in sterile conditions – free
from microorganisms. The surgeon and his or her assistant wash or
scrub up, and put on surgical gowns, masks, and gloves. The patient’s
skin is prepared by disinfecting it with an antiseptic solution. This is
known as prepping (preparing) the patient. They are then covered with
sterile drapes, so that only the area of the operation is exposed.
Instruments
The most basic surgical instruments are retractor, scalpel, artery
forceps, dissecting forceps and scissors.
The operation
The operation begins when the surgeon makes an incision or cut.
Control of bleeding is very important. A swab is a pad of cotton or
other material used to soak up blood from the operation site. A sucker
is a mechanical device which aspirates – sucks up – blood. Bleeding