220
2854187819011156112
The851596012886155218
hydroxy1104596012870141210257327397467
acids1604596012863125164234289
are1928596012862109171
obtained2134596012870140179241280350412482
from265259601284793162272
the2956596012840111174
halocarboxylic3165596012870132171242303366413482552622693730769832
acids4032596012863125163232287
as4355596012862115
a4506596012862
result4603596012847109163233272311
of4948596012870117
alkali5100596012864102173236274312
treatment85183901283986149211249359419489528
with14158390128101139179248
the1699839012839109172
subsequent1906839012853124193248311380450513582621
interaction2563839012837108146209256318379418457527597
of3194839012870118
the3347839012839108171
formed3553839012847115163272332402
salts3991839012854117156195249
of4275839012870117
the4426839012839109172
hydroxy4632839012870141209256326396467
acids5132839012862125164234289
and8511080012862133202
the10891080012839108171
acid.12951080012862124162233268
The8861462012886155218
optical11391462012870140179218280343381
isomerism1555146201283993164273333380419474583
is2173146201283894
a23021462012862
characteristic23991462012862132195242303366405466513552606646684747
of31801462012870116
the33311462012839109173
hydroxy35371462012870141209257327396467
acids,40371462012863125164234290325
and43971462012862131202
it4634146201283877
is4747146201283792
connected48751462012862131201271333395434499570
with85117030128101140179249
the11351703012839109171
presence13421703012870117178233294365427489
of18661703012870117
the20181703012839108171
asymmetric22241703012862116187295403464503550589652
carbon29111703012863125172242311381
atoms.33281703012862101170280332368
Many373117030128125188258329
hydroxy40931703012870142210257327397468
acids,45941703012862125164234289325
like4954170301283777146209
lactic,8511944012839102164202241304339
malic,122519440128109169208248310346
tartaric16061944012839102147186249296334397
and20381944012861131201
citric22741944012863102140187226288
acids,25971944012862125163233287323
have29551944012870133202265
chiral32551944012861131171217279318
centers36091944012862123193232294341395
in40391944012839108
their41831944012839108171210258
molecules.447519440128109177216279341411451514568603
That’s51131944012886155218256303357
why85121870128101171242
the11262187012839109172
lactic13332187012839102164202242304
acid16722187012862124164233
exists19412187012862131169224263318
in22942187012838108
three24392187012838107155217279
forms:27532187012847116163273325364
two31532187012839140210
of33992187012870117
them35512187012838108170279
are38632187012862109171
optically40692187012870141180219282344382421491
active,45952187012862124163202272335370
i.e.5000218701283974137172
enantiomers8512428012862133195264304342412522582628683
(mirror15702428012846157194241288358405
isomers),2010242801283993164273333380435482517
and25622428012862132202
the27992428012839108171
third30052428012838109147194263
is3303242801283993
optical34312428012870141179218280343382
inactive,38482428012838108170233272310380442478
and43612428012861132201
it4598242801283977
is4714242801283892
a48422428012862
racemic49392428012847109171234343380442
mixture85126690128109146216256327374436
of13212669012870117
the14732669012840109172
enantiomers.16802669012863131194263303341411520580627682717
The24322669012886155218
lactic26852669012839103165203243305
acid30262669012862123162231
which329326690128101171210272342
is3671266901283792
allotted37992669012862100138209247287349419
from4255266901284693162272
muscle456026690128110177232295334397
tissue,4992266901283978133187258320355
is5382266901283893
L-enantiomer.8512910012886132194265327397436474545655715761797
The16832910012885155218
D-lactic193629100128101148187249312350389451
acid24222910012862125164233
is2691291001283993
formed28192910012847116163272332403
from3257291001284794164273
sugars35632910012855125196259305359
with395729100128102140178249
the42422910012837108169
help44462910012871133172242
of47222910012870117
special48742910012855124187250287350388
bacteria-fermenting851315201287013319523329634338144349153860064775681688692696410351104
agents.19913152012862131194263302356392
Under241831520128101171241303350
the28033152012839108171
action30093152012862125162201271341
of33843152012870118
the35373152012840110173
lactic37453152012837100163200240303
acid40833152012861124163232
bacteria,43513152012870131194233296342380443478
the48643152012839108171
lactic50703152012838101163201240302
acid8513394012862125164233
is1120339401283993
a12483394012863
racemic13463394012846108171233342379442
mixture182433940128109146216255325372434
of22933394012870117
both24443394012870141179249
enantiomers27283394012863133194264303342412522583629684
and34483394012862131201
it3685339401284079
does37993394012870140202257
not40903394012870141179
exhibit43053394012862131201240310349388
optical47273394012870140179218280342381
activity:8513635012862125164202273311351421459
The8516075012886155218
lactic11046075012839102164202241303
acid14436075012862124162233
refers17116075012847108155217264317
to20646075012839109
the22096075012837108170
α-hydroxy24146075012874121191262330377447517588
acids30356075012862125164234288
so33596075012854124
it3518607501284079
forms36326075012847117164273326
a39936075012862
stable4090607501285594156226264327
six-membered4452607501285493163211320380490558621668730800
cyclic8516317012862133193232272334
diester-lactide12216317012870108171225264327373421459521584622660731793
upon20486317012870141211280
heating:23646317012870132194233271342412450
lactic9917591012838101163202241304
acid13307591012862124162233
lactide40467591012838101163202242312374
2CH3CHCOOH9506950011865150243119070180774312326950011887180263356448541
CH3CHCOOCHCOOH25276950011887180270670180774327486950011887180263356448533626709802895987
OH12257223011894186
OH27507205011894186
CH3318472050118871803360728207743
-H2O19837033010237118210070900673721377033010281
-H2O38757015010237118399270720673740307015010281
O47007167011894
O47066757011894
O50617176011894
O43346734011894
CH50896770011887180
35266683807743
CH3424171410118871804417720907743
ì8887370010231
î9587370010232
ëî1016737001024986
֒1128737001026186
àÿ12437370010249104
êèñëî13707370010250103169211247
òà1643737001025699
ëàêòèä46227375010250105153212255314
H102343600128101
C13334360012893
OH167143600128102203
H225943600128102
O239543600128101
C26714360012894
H301043600128101
COOH13294070012894195296397
COOH26764056012894195296397
CH3132546630128941951491472508245
CH3266646460128941952831470808245
*13774317012870
*27334306012870
D-10754911011087126
lactic1201491701013180129160190240
acid1169502401014998129185
L-24794911011073112
lactic2590491701013180129160191241
acid2565502401014998129185
D,L-18095478011087117191229
lactic2037548501013180129160191241
acid2305548501014897127183
(D,L-racemate18295603010137117144211248283332381431517564595644
)24745596011040