157
Rubella.8516010126101179257319358398467503
Definition8518440126101163210249328367413452521600
of1486844012670116
the1637844012647125187
Concept18598440126101171248310373451498
Rubella8511080012894164233296335374436
is132110800128121175
an153110800128144213
acute177810800128144206275314376
infectious218910800128119189236299361399438508578633
disease285610800128152190245307369424486
transmitted337710800128120167229299353463499539578641710
by412210800128151221
airborne437710800128143182229298369416485548
droplets,495910800128151198268337377439478532567
characterized8511321012862133195242305366405468513552615676747
by163313210128104174
the18401321012874144207
presence208213210128105152214269332401464526
of264313210128104151
symptoms28291321012889160268336376446556608
of347313210128104151
moderately365913210128145213284347393456495558595666
severe43581321012890153223285332394
intoxication,47871321012874144183253322362424486525563633704738
inconsistent8511563012839110172241311366405459498561630668
low-grade15551563012890160262309378425488557619
fever,22101563012898160229292338374
fine-spotted26191563012896135205268316369440509548587650719
or337415630128121167
maculopapular357615630128161221284354394464534597666735775838883
exanthema,449315630128114184247316355425488597657692
mild522015630128161198237308
catarrhal8511805012862125164227273319389452490
symptoms,13771805012884154263331370441551603638
and20501805012892162233
enlargement23181805012892161201264309380442552612682721
of307518050128100147
peripheral325618050128100162209248318388450497559597
lymph38891805012869139248316386
nodes,431118050128100170241303357393
primarily473918050128100147185294354401440480550
the53221805012869140202
occipital8512046012870133195233304342381444483
and13692046012862131201
posterior16052046012871140195233296343381450497
cervical21372046012862124171241280342405443
nodes26152046012870140209272327
[14].29772046012847116187235269
Etiology8512287012886124164233273342413484
The8512529012886155218
causative11042529012890152221275338376415485548
agent16872529012888158221290329
belongs20512529012897159198268338408462
to25492529012865135
the27192529012865136197
family29522529012874136245282321391
Togaviridae,337625290128113183253316386425472511581643706741
subfamily41502529012882152221269331439476515587
alpha,47702529012890129199269332367
genus51722529012896159228298352
Rubivirus.8512771012894164233273342382429498552588
The8513012012886155218
virion110430120128110149196235304375
has151530120128108170225
a177630120128101
lipoprotein19123012012878117187257327374443483544583653
envelope,260130120128101171241304342412482545580
inside32163012012877147201241310373
which362430120128141210249312381
is40403012012878133
an420930120128101171
icosahedral44153012012878141211265328397460529576638676
capsid512730120128101164234288327397
containing8513254012862133202242304342412451521592
the14773254012853123186
genome16983254012883145214284393454
—220232540128141
an23783254012876147
RNA256032540128107208309
molecule291732540128110177217280342412452513
—348132540128140
as36563254012875130
well383432540128102164203241
as41113254012876129
three42763254012852122168231293
proteins,46043254012885131201240302340411465500
two51393254012852154223
of53983254012883130
which85134950128101171210273342
are122934950128113160222
surface148634950128106176223270332394456
glycoproteins197734950128122161232292362433479550588651689759813
(E128263495012898184253
and311534950128113182253
E2),340334950128137207254289
and372734950128114183253
one401634950128120191253
is43043495012889144
an448334950128113184
internal47023495012890161200262309378441479
nonglycosylated5216349501281221912628513737012870110180241311366437474537576638708
capsid15933737012887150219274312383
protein20103737012894141212250313351420
(C).24663737012871165212247
The274837370128110179241
virus30253737012896136182251306
is33663737012863117
characterized35193737012887156219266328389428491537576638700770
by43243737012894164
hemagglutinating452137370128951582683283984695095786186567267898288669361006
and8513978012862133202
hemolyzing10893978012870132241310349420480519590660
activity17843978012863125163203272311350421
and22383978012863133203
induces24773978012839109179248311373427
the29393978012839110172
formation31463978012847116162273333372411482551
of37323978012871118
virus-neutralizing38853978012870108156225280330401463532571617679718757820859928998
antibodies.49183978012864133171211280351420459522575611
The8514220012886155218
virion14564220012870110157195264335
diameter21784220012870109171281341380442489
is3054422001283993
60–7035344220012870141213283353
nm42744220012870180
[2,48394220012847117153
3].53794220012870117151
The8514461012886155218
virus11044461012888127174244298
is14384461012856110
unstable15844461012887157212251313382422484
in21024461012856127
the22644461012857127189
external24884461012881150189252297368431468
environment29924461012880149220258304374445555615685725
and37524461012880149220
is40074461012856111
thermolabile.41534461012856126189235343411450513583623661724759
It49474461012864103
quickly50864461012887157195258328367438
dies8514702012870110172226
under11124702012874143214276323
the14704702012842112175
influence16804702012842112159198268330400462525
of22404702012873120
ultraviolet23954702012873112150198260329369438477539578
rays30094702012850112182235
and32804702012865136205
common35214702012865136245353421492
disinfectants,40484702012874113168207276324385447486549618658712747
but48304702012873143182
tolerates50484702012842112150213260322360423476
freezing851494501284794156218281319389459
well134549450128102163202241
[3].16214945012847117164198