605
At639591011087120
the789591011048108161
same980591011061114207260
time,127059101104881175228258
available1558591011067127180213246300361394447
data2035591011074128160214
from227959101105494153246
scientists2555591011061115148201261294328374408455
show3040591011061121181268
that3338591011047107160194
HGH35625910110101187274
could3866591011067126186220280
increase4176591011048108161201254306353407
the4613591011047110164
final480659101105488148201234
height5070591011074128160222281314
of5414591011076116
children639729011053113146180240280333392
whose1072729011087147207253307
pituitary1408729011071104137198231264318358418
glands1854729011072104157217277324
do2208729011070130
not2368729011071131164
naturally2562729011071125158218258311344377438
produce3028729011072112172232292345398
sufficient3455729011058118157195228282315369429462
HGH,3958729011086173259289
but4278729011071131164
it447272901104477
cannot4579729011064117176236296329
increase4938729011045105158198251303350403
the5371729011044104157
final63986701104073133187219
height888867011074127160221280313
of1231867011074114
children1375867011066125158192252292346406
with18118670110101134167227
pituitary2068867011074107140201234267321361421
defects.2517867011073126167220273305352382
Furthermore,2929867011081142182215275328368461521561614643
it360286701104780
was3713867011099153200
known3943867011073133193279340
that4313867011047107160193
HGH4549867011087174260
could4839867011067127187220280
cause5149867011067119179226280
a5460867011066
dramatic6391005011060100153246299332366419
loss10881005011046106153200
of13181005011073113
body14611005011073133193255
fat17441005011053106140
and19141005011066126186
muscle21431005011093153200253286340
gain,25121005011073127161221251
with279310050110100133167227
unknown30501005011073133193253313400460
consequences35401005011066125185232285345405458518572625671
for42411005011054114154
the44251005011046106159
bodies46141005011073133193227280327
of49711005011072112
growing51131005011074113173260294354415
children.6391143011053113146180240280333392422
Nevertheless,6391281011087140199252292325385439471526572619649
Genentek131812810110106159218272331365419479
and,18271281011073133193223
later,20801281011052105139192232256
Eli23661281011093126160
Lily25561281011093124158220
Pharmaceutical28041281011086146199239333386440492552585618672725758
(which35921281011059146206240293353
patented39751281011079132165218278312366426
an44311281011072131
excellent45921281011073132186239272305359419452
synthetic50741281011066127185218278331365398453
hormone)6391419011060120160253313373427466
began11351419011073126187240299
aggressively14641419011068129189227281326373408468521554615
advertising21071419011068127187240280313347393427487548
and26841419011066126186
selling29011419011060113146181214274334
HGH32771419011087173261
widely.35811419011086120180233266328349
Together,39601419011086138199251284345398438462
they44521419011047107160222
underwrote47021419011073133193247287373414474507560
twothirds52921419011046133198639155701103393127167227274
of9431557011067107
the10801557011040100153
budget12631557011067127187247299332
of16251557011067107
the17621557011040100153
Human19521557011087147240293353
Development23421557011087140199253285345405499552612645
Foundation,30171557011074134194254314367400433493553583
a36301557011061
nonprofit37201557011067127187247287347387420454
advocacy42041557011060120180240293346400461
group46921557011068107168228288
that50101557011040100153187
works52341557011086146186246292
to639169501103393
address7621695011072131191231285330377
the11691695011052112165
issues1364169501105197144205258304
of16981695011078118
short18461695011064124184224257
stature2133169501106598152185245285338
in25011695011051111
children.26421695011071131164197258298351410440
With313016950110113143176236
the33961695011050110164
help35901695011077131163223
of38431695011079119
pharmaceutical39921695011077137190230323376429482541575608662715748
companies,47701695011071130224284337397430485531561
the53611695011051111165
Foundation6391833011067126186246306359392426486546
began12151833011061114175228288
disseminating1533183301106194141187241335368429482515548609669
information2230183301103595135195235328382415449509569
about28291833011054114175235268
HGH31291833011086173259
nationwide34181833011061115148181242302391424484538
via3985183301106194148
radio4164183301104295154188248
(at4442183301104195128
health46001833011061114168201235295
trade4925183301103474128187241
shows,51961833011048108168255302332
in639197101103393
retail7621971011068121154207240274
outlets,10661971011088148181214268301347377
and14731971011082141201
so17041971011074134
on).18671971011088148188218
Pharmaceutical21151971011093154207247340393446499558592625679731764
companies29091971011081141235295349409442495541
also34801971011081114161221
began37311971011088141200254313
spending40741971011074134188248308342402462
millions456519710110121154188221255315375421
of50161971011088128
dollars51741971011087147181214268307352
annually6392109011053113173233286319352414
to10802109011043103
support12152109011056116176236296336369
medical16242109011093146206240294347380
research,20342109011049103148203256295349409439
advertise25032109011062122182236276309343389443
HGH29852109011086174261
pills32752109011070103136170217
to35222109011043103
doctors,36552109011070130183216276316362392
and40772109011063123183
sponsor42912109011056116176236283343383
school47042109011056109168228288322
screening50562109011056110149203256315349409470
programs6392247011060100160220260312405452
to1121224701103696
identify1247224701103696149209243276316377
children16512247011057117151184245285338397
among20782247011055148208268330
the2437224701103595148
shortest26152247011049109169209242296342375
(3%30202247011044104204
of32532247011063103
the3386224701103595148
population)35642247011062122182242276329362396456516556
and41492247011056117177
inform4356224701103595135195235328
their4714224701103696149183222
parents49662247011062116155208268301348
that5344224701103697150183
their639238501103393147180220
children8892385011053112146179239279333392
had13112385011060113173
a15142385011054
condition15982385011053112172232266300334394454
requiring2082238501104093153213246286319379439
medical25502385011093147207240294347380
treatment.2960238501103474127181214307361420453483
By6392524011080141
1999,8082524011070130190250280
approximately11182524011064123183223283343377470524557610644705
30,00018502524011072132162222282342
children22222524011063122156189250289343402
in26542524011043103
the27882524011043103156
US,29832524011087155185
20%31982524011069129229
of34572524011070110
whom36072524011086146206300
had39372524011069123182
no41502524011070130
medical43202524011094147207240294346379
conditions47292524011064124184244277311344404464511
other52702524011070103163217257
than639266201103393147207
short8762662011047107167207240
stature,1146266201104882135168228268321351
had15282662011061114174
been17322662011062116170229
treated1991266201103575128182215268328
with23502662011086120153213
HGH25942662011087174261
at2885266201105487
an30022662011056116
average31482662011055114168207261322374
cost35512662011056115162195
of37762662011062102
$25,00039082662011060120180210270330391
per43292662011062115154
child45132662011056115148182242
per47852662011061114154
year49692662011063114168207
and52072662011054114174
an54112662011056115
average6392800011053113166206259319372
age10412800011054115167
of12372800011062103
1013702800011060120
years.15202800011063113167207253283
According18352800011087140193252292352386446507
to2370280001103595
the2495280001103595148
only26732800011061121154215
long-term2916280001103494156216258291345384477
study3423280001104882142202263
(partially37142800011041101155194227261314347381442
funded41842800011041101161221275334
by45482800011061122
Genentek)46992800011087141200254313346400460500
on52282800011061121
the5379280001103596149
pill's639293801106093127160182228
effectiveness8972938011060101138191245278311371425484537584630
in15572938011041101
children16892938011061120154188248288342401
with21272938011087120153213
normal23702938011068128169262315348
pituitary27482938011067101134195228261315354415
glands,31912938011068101155215275321351
such35722938011054114168228
children38302938011061121154188248288341404
were42722938011087140179232
expected45352938011060120181234287320373433
to49992938011040100
add51292938011061120180
two53402938011041127189
centimeters6393076011053106166199232326379413466505552
to1221307601103393
their1344307601103494147180220
adult15943076011053113173206240
height.18643076011061114147207266300330
Due6393214011087147200
to868321401103696
the994321401103696149
drug's11733214011062102162223244290
limited1493321401103669163196230283343
effectiveness1866321401105595132186239272305365419478531578624
and25203214011057117177
the2727321401103696149
lack2906321401103588142202
of31383214011062102
long-term3270321401103696156216258291345384477
studies3777321401104983143203236290336
for41433214011042102143
health43163214011062115168201234295
conditions46413214011055115175235268302335395455502
such51733214011049109163222
as54253214011057103
tumors639335201103393187247287334
and10033352011066125185
diabetes,12183352011073107160220273306361407437
as16853352011066112
well182933520110101154187220
as20793352011067113
the22223352011046106160
perception24123352011074127166220273333366399460520
that29623352011046106161194
short31863352011060120180220253
children34693352011066126159193253293347406
are39053352011067107161
sick4095335201106093146207
and43323352011066126186
doomed45483352011073133193286340400
to49793352011046106
years51153352011080131185224271
of54163352011074114
treatment,639349001103373127179212306359419452482
their11513490011044104158191231
situation1412349001105790124184237270304364424
can18663490011064117176
lead2072349001104498151210
to23123490011044104
social24463490011058118171204257291
stigma2767349001105790124184276330
and31273490011063123183
low33403490011044104191
self-esteem.35613490011057110143183225278324358411464557587
The41793490011083144197
American44153490011087180234274308361414473
Academy49293490011086140193253306399461
of54183490011071112
Pediatrics6393628011067120180213267300340373426473
has11423628011066119165
advised13373628011059119179212259312372
against17393628011060121174207267314347
the2117362801103999152
use22993628011066113166
of24943628011066106
HGH26363628011086173259
in2926362801103999
short30553628011053113173213246
but33313628011066126160
otherwise3521362801106699159212252338372418472
healthy40223628011066120172205239300361
children.44113628011059119152185246286340399429
Nevertheless,48763628011087140199254293326386440472526572620650
advertisements6393766011053113173226266299332379432526579638672718
for13873766011040100140
this1557376601103393127174
drug,17613766011060100161221249
albeit2040376601105487147201234267
now23383766011060120206
as25743766011054100
a27043766011053
dietary2787376601106093147180234274335
supplement,31503766011047107167227261314407460520554584
are3764376601105394147
still3940376601104780113147181
readily4151376601104093147206240273335
available45133766011053113167200234287347380433
online.49763766011060120154187247300330
Questions6394046010893160214260300333393460507
for11764046010840101154
discussion6135740460108671011482012683133603934545191877401807240
:19184046010840
1)8194180011060100
What99941800110113174227260
reasons1289418001104093146192252312359
for16784180011040100140
the1847418001103494147
emergence20244180011054147200241299352411464518
of25724180011060100
bioethics2702418001106093153206239299332386432
in3164418001103494
the3288418001103393147
modern34654180011094154214267307366
world38614180011087147187220280
does41714180011060120173220
this4421418001103393126173
case46244180011055108154207
demonstrate?48614180011060113206266326373406446500533587640
2)8194318011060100
What99943180110113174227260
features1289431801104093146179239279332378
of16974318011060100
medicalization18274318011093148207241294347380415468522555588649709
and25664318011053112172
its2768431801103467114
negative29124318011060113173225258291352405
consequences33474318011053113173220273333393446506559612658
are4035431801105594147
described42124318011060114160213253286346401461
in4703431801103494
this4827431801103595129176
example?50334318011053113167260320353407458
3)8194456011060100
Explain9994456011073133194228281314374
the1403445601103494147
ethical1580445601105386146179233286319
violations1929445601106093153187240273307367427473
of24324456011060100
promoting25624456011060100160253313347380440500
the3091445601103494147
drug32684456011060100159220
HGH35174456011087173261
on38084456011060120
the3958445601103393146
market.41344456011093147186246300333363
4)8194594011060100
Do9994594011087147
the1176459401103797151
views,1357459401106498152238285315
assessments,17024594011059105152205252299392445505539586616
and23484594011058118178
interpretations2556459401103898131185224284325378411464498531591651698
of32844594011064104
the3419459401103999153
medicalization36064594011093147207240293346379412466520553586647707
phenomenon43434594011064124178237297391445505565625
on49984594011064124
the5152459401103898152
part53344594011065118159192
of9994732011060100
doctors11294732011060120173206266306352
(healthcare15114732011040100153207240273334387440479533
institutes)2074473201103393140175208242302335389435475
and25794732011053112172
patients27814732011060114147180234293327373
coincide31844732011053113147207260293353406
or36204732011060100
diverge?3750473201106093153206247306358411
5)8194870011060100
Explain9994870011073133194228281314374
why14034870011087147208
medicalization16374870011094147207240295347380414467521554587648708
is2375487001103380
one24854870011060120173
of26884870011060100
the2818487001103393146
problems29944870011060100160220253306399446
of34714870011060100
bioethics?3601487001106094154207240300333387433486
Task6395426010880130176243
5.912542601086090
Case6395564010887147193247
"Hyposkillia"9155564010867160220287348394461495528561594655721
The6395698011073133187
effects8555698011082123160213267299346
of12315698011089129
the13905698011062122175
technologization15955698011062116169229290350383443503536589643676709770830
of24555698011088128
medicine—hyposkillia.26135698011012217523526932235541546959165171277083087693697010031037107011241154
The379756980110102162216
technologization40435698011062115168228288348382442502534588642675708768828
of49015698011089129
medicine506056980110122175235268321354416469
largely639583601103387127185237270332
displaces9995836011077110157217250304357409456
the14855836011050110163
clinical16785836011071104137197231284337370
skills20785836011064124157190224271
that23795836011050110164197
belong26065836011077130163223283343
to29785836011050110
the31185836011050110163
classical33115836011070103156203250283336390422
medical376358360110110164224257310363396
tradition4189583601105092145204237271305365425
(such46445836011056103163216276
as49505836011070116
attentive50965836011070103136190249283316378431
patient6395974011060113146180233293326
observation,9955974011081141187241280340393426459520580610
detailed16355974011080133166219254287341400
questioning,20655974011080140194240273307367427460520580609
palpation,27045974011081134167227280314347407467497
percussion,32315974011080134173226286332379412473533563
and38245974011073133193
auscultation).40475974011073133180233292326359413446479539599639669
However,474659740110107167254306366419459483
these52595974011054114167215268
skills6396112011047107140173207254
have9236112011072125185238
been11916112011072125178237
and14586112011065125185
remain16736112011052105198251285345
the20486112011045105158
foundation,22366112011052112172232292345378411471531561
even28276112011065125178238
the30956112011045105158
ABCs,32946112011086166245292322
of36466112011072112
physician37886112011072132193237270325358411472
professional42906112011072112172212265311357391451511564597
actions.49176112011066119151185245305352382
The53296112011084145198
use6396250011060107160
of8296250011068108
impersonal9676250011041134195248288334394454508541
technological1538625001104295149208268329362422482515568621654
practices22226250011069110163215248282335389435
(for2687625001104989148189
example,29066250011061121175268328361415444
when33896250011086146200259
patients36786250011068123155189242302335382
are40906250011062101155
not42766250011068128162
given44686250011068100160214274
the47726250011041101156
opportunity49576250011068128188248288321381441475508570
to639638801103393
speak7626388011051111164217276
up10686388011064124
but12226388011063123157
are1409638801105796150
immediately15896388011037130224277337370424457510543605
sent22226388011050103163196
for24486388011044104144
laboratory2621638801103792151211251305337397438499
and31486388011058117177
instrumental3355638801103797144177218278371424484517570604
examinations)39896388011056116170264298358411447481541601648688
entails47076388011056116149202236269316
numerous50536388011064124217270310370430476
risks639652601104073120180227
and8966526011053113173
costs.10996526011053112159192239269
According6396668011087140192252292352385445506
to11746668011051111
the13156668011052112165
British15106668011099138171205238285345
physician18866668011078138199244277330364417476
J.2394666801106495
Le25196668011093143
Fanu,26926668011086138198258288
author30106668011072133166226286326
of33666668011078118
the35146668011051111164
famous37086668011058112204264324371
book41096668011078138198259
≪437166580120107
The44786668011073133187
Rise46946668011098132178231
and49556668011072131191
Fall51766668011086138171205
of54116668011078118
Modern63968080110107167227280320380
Medicine105668080110107160220253307340400454
≫151067980120107
,16176808011030
about16776808011062121181242276
90%19836808011068128228
of22416808011068108
correct23796808011062122162202255308341
diagnoses27506808011069102155216275335383436482
can32626808011062115174
be34676808011069122
obtained36186808011069129162215249309363423
without40796808011086120153213274334368
special44776808011055115168221254307341
examinations,48486808011061121175268301362415448481542602648678
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