285
1954147819011156112
delivery851596012870133172210280343390460
to1344596012877148
meet15275960128149209271310
the1873596012877147209
metabolic21175960128149208248310380451490528591
requirements2743596012885149220289328375437545606677716771
of35505960128107154
the3739596012877147209
skeletal3984596012892162225264325364426465
muscles.44855960128147215270333372434489525
IC5045596012884178
is5258596012877131
a5424596012899
common851839012862133242350418489
manifestation13758390128166225296335382445499538601639678748818
of22298390128123171
peripheral24358390128124186233271342411474521583621
arterial30928390128117163201264311349412451
disease35788390128124163217280342396459
(PAD),40728390128101179281382426462
which45698390128155225265327396
includes5001839012894163226264335404466520
atherosclerotic8511080012862101172234281351405468506568615684724762825
stenosis17101080012865103166235306360398453
of21981080012880128
arteries23601080012872119157220266304367421
in28161080012848119
the29691080012850120182
extremities.31851080012873142182229290399436475515577632668
IC38861080012857151
is40711080012849103
commonly42101080012873142251359427498537608
localized48511080012850120183245283323385447517
to54021080012849118
the8511321012839110172
thigh,10571321012875145184254323359
hip,145113210128105144214250
buttock,173613210128104174213252322383454489
and22601321012898167238
calf25331321012897159198244
muscles.281313210128144212267330369432485521
Pain336913210128113176215284
within368913210128137175214283326396
these41201321012874145207261324
muscle447713210128147214269332371433
groups494513210128106153222292362416
is53971321012873127
reproducibly8511563012847109179227296366436499537606646716
induced16011563012850121190260323385454
by20901563012881152
walking228715630128101163202273311382451
and27741563012873143212
relieved30221563012858119159197260329392461
with353015630128101140178249
rest.38131563012858121174214249
This40971563012897166205259
activity43921563012874135174213283321361431
reviews48571563012858120191229292393447
the53391563012850120182
cause,8511805012862125195249312347
pathophysiology,12331805012815121425232239246253260365669576580387394410141047
and231618050128143213284
presentation263518050128152199260315377447485548587625695766
of343618050128150197
intermittent366918050128120189229292337446483523562625695733
claudication443718050128143182245315385424486549587626696766
and523918050128143212282
highlights8512046012870110179249288327397467506561
the14462046012879149212
role16922046012887157196258
of198420460128110157
the21762046012878149211
interprofessional24222046012878148187250296366413482529591645700738808878940979
team34362046012879141203313
in37812046012880150
the39672046012878148210
management421320460128149209279342411474583643714753
of500220460128109156
these51932046012878149211271334
patients.8512288012870133172210273342381436471
Joint.12052531012670141179258305340
Possible15962529012878147201256295365404466
joint20962529012856125165235273
changes24052529012877147210279350412466
in29062529012855125
acute30662529012879142211249312
rheumatic34132529012863132195264374434473512575
fever.40232529012863125195257304339
Joint44062529012855124163233272
symptoms47132529012870140248316356426537589
are53382529012879125188
typically8512771012839110178217280343380420491
migratory137527710128140176247294357396466513583
and19912771012893163233
characterized22602771012892162225271333395434496543582644706776
by30722771012898169
erythematous,32752771012892139209247317380490550589660731785820
swollen,41302771012884186255294332394464500
and46652771012892162231
extremely49322771012892162201248310419479518589
tender8513012012839102172242304351
joints;12363012012863132172241280335373
the16453012012863132195
large18753012012862124171240303
joints,22133012012863132171241280334369
eg,26183012012885155191
the28443012012861131194
knee,30733012012893163225287322
ankle,34303012012886156226266327362
or38273012012894141
wrist400330120128125171209264303
are43413012012886132194
most457030120128133201256296
commonly49013012012886156266374442512552623
affected.8513254012862109156218281319381452487
Facial12053497012686155218257327366
expression.160734970126122191269332393447501541610689724
The24263495012886155218
expression267934950128122192262309372425480519588659
depends337334950128129192261323393462518
on392634950128129199
the41613495012898168231
pathology442734950128128191229300369409478549620
of508034950128130177
the52923495012899169231
cardiovascular8513737012862125171242280351420483537600669708770817
system.17033737012855126179218281389423
Mitral216337370128125164203250313352
face25503737012848110172235
typical28203737012840111179218280343382
for32363737012848118165
mitral343837370128109146185233295334
stenosis:3808373701285493156225295350389444485
cyanotic43283737012864133193263334374413475
blush48383737012871111180234305
on51783737012871141
the53543737012840110172
cheeks,8513979012862133195258327381416
cyanosis13033979012896166227297368423461516
of185539790128104151
the20413979012873144207
lips,22833979012872111181236272
tip25903979012873111181
of280639790128105152
the29933979012874143206
nose,323439790128104174228291326
and35953979012897167237
ears.38673979012897159206260295
Resembles419739790128128190245307417485524587641
a48733979012897
butterfly500539790128105175214253315362408447518
("mitral8514220012847104213250290337399438
butterfly").13254220012894163203241304351397436506562608643
Corvisart's20304220012894164211280320374436483521547601
face26664220012871134196257
noted29584220012895166204267336
in33304220012862133
patients34974220012894157196234297366406460
with399242200128126164203275
decompensated43014220012895157219289399467530600655717756819888
heart52234220012895157219265303
failure:8514461012847109148187257304366405
yellowish-pale12924461012873134173212282384422476546594664726765826
with215744610128101140179249
a24414461012866
bluish25424461012872111181220275344
tint,2922446101284180150188224
swollen,31814461012857158228267306369439474
with369344610128102139178248
dull39764461012873143182220
eyes,42324461012865136196251286
half-open45544461012873135173220271340410472543
mouth,513444610128110177248287358393
and8514702012862133202
cyanotic10894702012865135196266337376415478
lips.1602470201284179150204240
Aortic188147020128101171217256296357
insufficiency22734702012843113168237284331369432470532602664735
face30414702012850112175237
characterized33134702012867137200247309370409472518557620681751
by41004702012872143
pale42764702012874137176237
skin,45484702012858128167237273
pulsation48564702012873142181236299336375446515
of54074702012872118
pupils8514945012870141210249288342
in12294945012846115
rhythm13804945012853122193230301411
with183049450128101140179250
heart21154945012877139204251290
contractions24404945012868138208247294356418456496565635690
(Landolfi's31664945012853138200270341410449496535561614
sign),38154945012862100170241288323
and41734945012868138207
pulsation44164945012876146185239302341379449519
of49714945012876123
carotid51294945012869131177247286324394
arteries8515186012862109148211258296358412
("dancing12985186012847104174236305368407477546
carotids").18805186012862125171240280318389443501547582
Skin12055432012678157194272
Color151254320126102171210281343
Changes.189054320126101178249327396459512547
Cyanosis:12055669012894164224295365420459514552
10655921012865
peripheral12055921012870133180218288358421467529568
(acrocyanosis)18085921012851114176223292355425486556625680719774820
-26635921012854
a27525921012867
sign2854592101286199169239
of31285921012876123
right3285592101285291161230270
heart35895921012876139201247286
failure,39115921012851113152191260307370405
associated43515921012868121175246308346409447510580
with497159210128102140178249
slow5255592101286098169270
blood8516162012870110179249320
flow1206616201284784155257
in14976162012838109
tissues1641616201283877131186256318372
and20486162012861131201
an22856162012862132
increased24526162012838109171217280342396458527
content30156162012862133202240302372412
of34616162012870117
reduced36136162012850112181251314376445
hemoglobin;40946162012870132242310380419489559598668708
10656413012865
diffuse12056413012870110157202273327389
-16306413012860
associated17256413012874129183253315354417455517587
with235964130128101139179249
left26436413012852115160199
ventricular28786413012881144213253299338401470508571618
and35316413012874144214
left37806413012852115160199
atrial40156413012875113160198261299
failure43496413012860122160200269316379
and47626413012875145215
impaired50126413012852162229292331378440509
gas8516655012870133188
exchange10746655012861131194263326395465527
in16376655012839108
the17806655012839109171
lungs19876655012837107177247301
(gas23246655012846117179233
diffusion).25916655012870109157203272326366435505552587
General106568960128101163233296343405443
skin154468960128100171209279
pallor185868960128116179218257326373
occurs226568960128117180242311358412
due271268960128116185248
to29956896012884155
impaired31856896012885195262325364411474543
blood376368960128116155225294365
ejection416368960128108147209271309349418489
from46876896012893139210319
the50396896012885156219
left52926896012885147193230
ventricle,8517139012870133202241289327389427490525
found14117139012863132202272342
in17897139012854123
aortic19487139012879148195234272335
heart23177139012887150211258297
defects26487139012885148195257320358413
reducing30957139012866129198268330369439510
cardiac36397139012879141188257296358421
output,40947139012886156195265335373409
in45387139012855124
acute46987139012877140209248311
vascular50437139012887148203266335374436482
insufficiency8517380012839110164233281327366428467530599662732
(fainting,1616738001284996158197267305345415484520
collapse,21717380012864133172211274343398459495
and27017380012864133203
shock).29397380012856126196259328375410
Skin33867380012880149189258
"Coffee36807380012858152221268315377439
with415573800128102140179249
Milk"444173800128125164202273329
color48057380012865134173243290
seen51297380012857119181250
in54157380012839109