206
1154097556011060120
большаягруппаМ851592011061121181236329382437486546607668732786892
Etiology2976904010880120154214247307367427
The8511159011073133187
HIV10721159011086127212
causative13141159011058112171218271304338398451
agent17951159011058118170230263
belongs20901159011064118150210270330376
to2496115901103898
an26241159011059118
extensive27721159011058118152205265312345405459
family3260115901104598191224258319
of36071159011064104
retroviruses,3741115901104599131171231291325365425471525571601
the4372115901103898153
lentivirus4554115901103891151185218278311352412458
subfamily50421159011052112172212265357391425486
(Latin.lente8511365011040114166199232293323356409469503556
–14371365011090
slow).15571365011076110170256296326
The191313650110103163216
virion21591365011090123163196256316
contains25051365011084143203237290323383430
the29651365011063123177
reverse31721365011069122182235274321374
transcriptase35761365011063103156215262315356389449483536582636
enzyme,42411365011083143196259351405435
which470613650110118178211265324
catalyzes50601365011083136169222256318368421468
reverse851157301104093152206245292346
transcription,1226157301103474127186233286327360420454487547607637
leading1893157301103487140201234294354
to2276157301103393
the2399157301103494147
name25761573011060113206259
Retroviridae.28651573011080134167208268328361401434494548601630
The8511880011073133187
virion1067188001106598138171231291
is1388188001103985
characterized15031880011059118171212265318350404445478531585644
by21771880011065127
a23321880011058
complex24201880011059118212272305359418
structure,2869188001105285125185238271331371424454
spherical33531880011051111171224264297351404437
shape38201880011052112165225278
and41271880011060119179
small43361880011052146199233266
size4632188001105285138193
from4854188001104585144237
100-20051211880011065125185229288348408
nm8512087011060153
in10342087011055115
diameter.11792087011082116169262315348402442471
The16802087011095155208
shell19172087011069129182215248
of21962087011081121
the23472087011055115168
virion25452087011081114154188248308
is28832087011055101
formed30142087011061121161254307367
by34112087011081142
a35812087011075
double36852087011082142202262295348
lipid4063208701105588148182242
layer43352087011055108168219259
(the4624208701106396156209
lipid4863208701105588148182242
layer51352087011055108172223263
is54282087011054101
borrowed8512294011060120160200259346399458
by13392294011063125
the1492229401103595148
virion1670229401106396136169229289
from1989229401104383144237
the2256229401103696149
membrane24382294011093146240300339392452505
of29732294011062102
the3105229401103595149
host32842294011063123169203
cell35172294011056108141175
at3722229401105688
the3840229401103696150
end40202294011055114174
of42242294011063103
the4357229401103595148
replication4536229401104296155188221275328361394455515
cycle).50812294011055117168201255295325
A54382294011086
glycoprotein851250101106092155206265325365425458513546606
complex14872501011059118212272305359418
with19422501011087120154214
two21862501011039126186
subunits24022501011052112172232292326359406
gp4128382501011066125185245
(penetrates31132501011046106160220274307347400433486533
the3676250101103999152
shell)38592501011052112166199232272
and41612501011059119179
gp12043712501011067126187247307
(forms4708250101104685145185278325
spikes50632501011052112146206259306
on53992501011066126
the851270901103393147
surface)10282709011053113153193246299352392
is1450270901104087
located15672709011040100154207240294354
in19512709011040100
the20812709011041101154
shell22652709011054114167200233
of25292709011067107
the26662709011040100153
virion.28492709011067100140174234294324
Proteins32032709011074114174207261295355402
p17/1836352709011068128188221281341
are40062709011061100153
located41882709011041101154208241294355
on45732709011067127
the47302709011041101154
inside49142709011040100147180241294
of52382709011067107
the53752709011040100153
lipid851291501103367127160220
envelope.11012915011073133193246279339399452482
The16132915011092152205
core18482915011072132172226
of21042915011079119
the22532915011052112166
virion,24492915011079112152185245305335
cylindrical28142915011073133164198258318358391445498531
in33752915011053113
shape,35182915011066126179239292322
is3870291501105299
formed39992915011059119159252305365
by43942915011079140
protein45622915011080120180213266299359
p24.49512915011079139199229
In52102915011061119
the53592915011053113166
middle8513123011093127187247280334
is1215312301104490
the13353123011045105158
nucleocapsid15233123011070130184216270330383436495542576636
protein21893123011071111171205258291351
p7/p9,25703123011071131164224284314
RNA,29143123011091178264294
and32383123011064123183
three34513123011044104144198250
viral37313123011071104144198231
enzymes39923123011064124177239330383430
(reverse4452312301105191144203257297344397
transcriptase,4879312301104484137196243297337370430464517563616646
protease,8513329011060100160193247299345399428
and13093329011068127187
integrase).15263329011047107140194255293347392448487517
The20743329011086146200
genome23033329011074126186246339393
is2726332901104692
represented28483329011054108167207261306361420455508568
by34463329011073134
two36083329011046133193
identical38313329011046106161220254287341393426
copies42873329011067126186221274321
of46383329011073113
single-stranded4781332901105993153213245298342388422462515574634688747
RNA8513537011080167254
connected11343537011053113173233286339372426486
at1650353701105386
one17663537011060120173
end19693537011054114174
by21733537011060121
hydrogen23223537011060122180220280340394453
bonds.28053537011060120180240287317
There8516967011073133187226279
are1159696701105797150
two13396967011036122182
known15516967011063123183269329
types1910696701103698156210256
of21966967011063103
HIV-123316967011086127212255314
and26756967011057117177
HIV-228846967011086127212254313
viruses.3227696701106397137197244297343373
Both36336967011080139172232
have38956967011063117177230
high4154696701106396157216
variability44006967011063116156190243302336369403436498
compared49256967011056115209269322363416475
to5430696701103696
other851717301106093153207247
viruses.1127717301106397137197243297343373
HIV-115347173011086127212253313
is1877717301103783
the1990717301103899152
main21757173011094147180240
etiological2445717301105790123184217277337369423477510
cause29867173011057110169216270
of32877173011063103
infection3420717301103797137190243276309369429
in3879717301103797
the4006717301103797151
world,41907173011087147187221281311
HIV-245347173011087127213254314
is4878717301103783
endemic49917173011057117177231324358411
to5432717301103797